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JLPT N4
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【JLPT N4★なさい (nasai) / (polite command)】
Meaning:Used to give a soft command or instruction.Stronger than 「〜てください」 but …
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【JLPT N4★なら (nara) / if, in case, as for】
Meaning:Used to express a condition based on a situation, assumption, or the li…
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【JLPT N4★なくてもいい (nakute mo ii): don’t have to】
Meaning:Used to express that something is *not necessary*.Means “don’t have to…
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【JLPT N4★なくてはいけない/なくてはならない (nakutewa ikenai/nakute…
Meaning: must do, have to doFormation:Verb-ないform （－い） + くてはいけない/くてはならない&nb…
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【JLPT N4★なければいけない/なければならない (nakereba ikenai/nakere…
Meaning:Used to express obligation or necessity.Means “must,” “have to,” or “n…
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【JLPT N4★ないで (naide): without doing】
Meaning:Used to express doing one action *without* doing another action.Means …
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【JLPT N4★ながら (nagara): while, during, as】
Meaning:Used to express two actions happening at the same time.Means “while do…
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【JLPT N4★〜や〜など (such as / things like)】
Meaning:Used to list examples in a non-exhaustive way.Means “such as ~ and ~,”…
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【JLPT N4★みたいに/みたいな (mitai ni/mitai na): like, simi…
【JLPT N4★〜みたいに／〜みたいな (like / as if)】Meaning:Used to express similarity or met…
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【JLPT N4★みたい (mitai): like, similar to, resembling…
Meaning:Used to express conjecture based on appearance, impression, or indirect…
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【JLPT N4★までに (made ni)” by, by the time̶…
Meaning:Indicates a deadline by which an action must be completed.Equivalent t…
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【JLPT N4★ことができる (koto ga dekiru) “can, be ab…
Meaning:Used to express ability or possibility: “can do,” “be able to.”Often u…
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【JLPT N4★V〜られる／〜える／できる(potential form / can do)】
Meaning:Expresses ability, possibility, or permission: “can do,” “be able to,” …
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【JLPT N4★〜こと (nominalizer / turning verbs into nou…
Meaning:Used to turn verbs into nouns, expressing actions or states as “things.…
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【JLPT N4★かしら (kashira): I wonder】
Meaning:Used to express the speaker’s wondering, uncertainty, or mild curiosity…
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【JLPT N4★かた (kata) “how to”】
Meaning:Used to express “how to do something” or “the way of doing something.”…
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【JLPT N4★かな (kana) “I wonder”】
Meaning:Used to express the speaker’s wondering, uncertainty, or mild curiosity…
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【JLPT N4★かもしれない (kamoshirenai)”might, maybe&…
Meaning:Used to express possibility, uncertainty, or a guess.Equivalent to “mi…
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【JLPT N4★〜かい / 〜なのかい (casual question form)】
Meaning:A casual, often masculine way to ask a question. Used in friendly or in…
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【JLPT N4★〜かどうか (ka dōka) “whether or notR…
Meaning: used to express uncertainty about a fact, or to check/confirm whether s…
